This report examines the impact of using Medicaid data to certify students for free and reduced-price meals in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and School Breakfast Program (SBP). Topics include (1) the processes states use to conduct the direct certification matches; (2) estimates of the state’s  costs of matching; (3) the potential for Medicaid matches to reach students not currently receiving free or reduced-price meals under NSLP and SBP; and (4) the effects of using Medicaid data to certify students on school meal participation, federal reimbursement costs, and state administrative costs. Qualitative data were collected via semistructured interviews with state and school district staff; cost data and schools meals administrative data were collected from participating state agencies.